Down Syndrome Report

Down Syndrome Report


by:  SCHOOL SUX


     The chromosomal abnormality involved in most cases of Down syndrome is

trisomy-21, or the presence of three copies of the 21st chromosome.  As a result,

the affected person has 47 chromosomes in all body cells instead of the normal

46, although how this causes the condition's symptoms is not yet known.

Scientists assume that the reason for the abnormal chromosomal assortment is the

fertilization of an ovum having 24 chromosomes by a sperm with a normal

assortment of 23, but they have also found that the sperm can carry the extra

chromosome as well.  The abnormal ovum or sperm is derived from a germ cell in

which the pair of 21st chromosomes holds together and passes into the same sperm

or ovum instead of separating.  In the type of Down syndrome called

translocation, the extra chromosome 21 material is attached to one of the other

chromosomes; when some, but not all, of the body's cells carry an extra

chromosome 21, the condition is a type of Down syndrome called mosaicism.

     Because of the extra chromosome 21, children with Down syndrome often

have some characteristic physical features, such as a small head, a flat face,

slightly upward slanted eyelids, skin folds at the inner corners of the eyes,

small nose and mouth, and small hands and feet.  Most of these characteristic do

not interfere with the child's fu
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