Chance Or Planning

Title	Chance Or Planning
# of Words	1105
# of Pages (250 words per page double spaced)	4.42

Chance or Planning

Chance or Planning

Maureen C. Lett
HSS 208-Dr. O'Hara
April 17, 1996

Intelligence and planning are necessary factors in scientific research, however
chance and luck are also important and somewhat necessary factors.  The
Autobiography of Charles Darwin and the memoir, The Double Helix, written by
James Watson, prove this assertion.  Charles Darwin, James Watson and Francis
Crick were all intelligent men that planned their experiments, however without
chance and luck their success and scientific achievement would not be as great.

Intelligence and planning are important in scientific discovery, but are not
always the dominating forces that drive scientific research.  Such is the case
with Charles Darwin, James Watson and Francis Crick.  All three of these men
were extremely intellectual, but their intellect only contributed partially to
their success.  Intellect and planning, combined with chance and luck
contributed to their overall success.

People take chances on a daily basis.  If you actually stop and think about it,
life is one big game of chance.  It is by chance that we are born, that we
continue to survive, and that we will eventually die.  Some people feel that
this cycle occurs do to the will of God, others, like Charles Darwin believe
that it happens based on chance or natural selection.  Whatever you believe or
disbelieve, life cannot be planned.   No matter how hard a person attempts to
"plan" their path in life, it is by chance and luck where that path takes us.

Darwin's career was also based on chance, not planning.  Darwin never planned to
become a scientist or the father of natural selection.  It was by pure chance
that he obtained the job on the voyage of the Beagle, which started  his career.
Darwin stated about this voyage that, "The voyage of the Beagle has been the by
far the most important event in my life and has determined my whole career. . ."
(Darwin, p.76)  Darwin had not planned to take the trip on the Beagle, he
obtained the opportunity by mere chance.  One can attempt to "plan" for a job or
career, but chance and luck are the major factors which allow for success.
Although Darwin's intellect played a role in obtaining the position, chance and
luck were the major factors.

Many scientists suffer great strokes of luck.   Two other scientists that did
not "plan" their success were James Watson and Francis Crick.  These two men
were not great planners of scientific research, but through chance and luck they
obtained their scientific goal.  Watson and Crick discovered the structure of
DNA and its double helix.  Rosalind Franklin, Maurice Wilkins, and Linus Pauling
were other scientists that were extremely close to discovering the structure of
DNA at the same time as Watson and Crick.  They all had  basically the same
information, however Watson and Crick, due to chance and luck finished the race
first, but not very far ahead of their competitors.  Watson and Crick admit that
the race to find the structure of DNA was close, however their luck or chance
contributed tremendously to their achievement.  Watson and Crick, much like
Darwin achieved their "greatness" due to mere chance, not planning.

Watson and Crick were very fortunate that their chance or good stroke of luck
did not run out.  They were lucky that they conceived the notion to make a three
dimensional model of the helix.  They were also lucky that death did not strike
either of them.  Crick states, in the book The Double Helix, that, "If Watson
had been killed by a tennis ball I am...

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